A Guide To
       Natural and Artificial Sweeteners:
       Finding Healthy Snacks
     For a guide to natural and artificial sweeteners in use in today's current marketplace, an alphabetical listing follows explaining each type and its general basic uses.
What happened to the days when sugar used to be sugar?
Now it seems there is so many types of sweeteners used in manufacturing healthy snacks - or sometimes unhealthy - how do we keep them all straight? This guide will help.
Agave Nectar -       see Blue Agave
     
Aspartame -       sold as Nutrasweet or Equal
       Aspartame is an artificial sweetener which is 180 times sweeter       than regular granulated sugar.
It is commonly used in food products that are not cooked (such as soda, instant breakfast drinks, gelatin etc.) or foods that are sweetened after the cooking process is over (cocoa mixes, instant coffee or teas). Aspartame is not suitable for cooking and baking as it loses its sweetening power at high heat.
After breaking down to its component parts in our system, one of the amino acids present is known as phenylalanine. Any person with the inherited disorder called phenylketonuria must not ingest this product for health reasons. Therefore it is mandatory in many countries that the label does get marked as a source of phenylalanine.
Currently, much controversy surrounds this sweetening agent.
Late 2010 it was discovered this brand of sweetener has been manufactured from a genetically modified form of bacteria almost exclusively since its introduction to the market. Only problem, this form of chemically altering the physical components has never been truly proven as safe for human consumption.
Another problem, with ingestion of enough sweetener just in only 2 diet sodas per day, there is an increase in up to 500% of your current waist size. This is because the sweetener itself has been proven to actually increase the appetite on many people, thus them eating more than would commonly be their usual.
Finally, a final by-product of the chemical reaction during production is showing formaldehyde has been made. This substance is a known cancer-inducer in both animal and human studies.
Research has been conducted extensively on its safety for human consumption but conflicting results lead many to believe it should be avoided until further notice.
Acesulfame Potassium or Acesulfame K - sold as Sunette or Sweet       One
       This is a zero calorie artificial sweetener which is 180-200 times       sweeter than granulated sugar. There is a slight metallic taste       when used in high concentrations, but many companies use it in       conjunction with other elements to help mask this problem.Again       much controversy surrounds its safety for human consumption.
Barley Malt
       Barley malt is a thick, malt-flavored syrup made from sprouted       barley. It is dried and then cooked with water to be used as a       sweetener. It is easier on blood sugar levels (to prevent spikes)       but it is very expensive so it has a limited use for many people.
Blue Agave or Agave Nectar
       Blue Agave is much newer to today's market. This all-natural sweet       nectar comes from the core of the blue agave plant. It is gaining       momentum in use by diabetics as it does not metabolize into any       blood sugar spikes for most diabetics. It also is very low       calorie, has a rating of almost zero on the glycemic scale, is       non-allergenic, 100% organic and leaves no stomach or digestive       upset like many other sweeteners.
Currently there is three forms available:
- Light nectar -this has a mild neutral sweet flavor
- Amber Agave -has a slightly sweet caramel flavor
- Dark Agave -has a deep caramel flavor
This liquid is used mainly for beverages and smoothies (use 1 tsp/cup liquid), or in salad dressings and sweet sauces for fruit or meats.
Many people have found it makes a great substitute in baked goods as well with the following changes. (use 3/4 cup agave for every 1 cup sugar in recipe. Reduce all the other liquids in your recipe by one-third. Lower the oven temperature by 25 degrees and add 10 minutes to the baking time)
It is packaged also for general table top use.
Now all of the above is only true if you can find a source that boils their agave down to a reduction. This end product is then used as a sweetener.
Unfortunately, most of the agave on today's store shelves has beenprocessed the same way as high fructose corn syrup does. Added enzymes and other chemicals are used in a modern factory processing environment which ultimately takes the natural blue agave and changes it into a starch known as fructose. The finished agave is therefore up to70% to 90% fructose upon completion.
So although this may sound wonderful to the diagnosed diabetic, fructose is never metabolized in the digestive system. It races straight for the liver where it is metabolized as a fatty-liver substance, thus clogging up the liver. Ultimately an increase in triglycerides and insulin resistance is the final result, both indicators for diabetes and heart disease.
Fructose levels currently are running much too high, just like high fructose corn syrup, in many people in today's market. It is recommended that the human body should not receive more than 25 grams of fructose per day. Even using pure and natural, organic agave, this is difficult because of the high concentrations of natural fructose contained within processed agave.
Brown Rice Syrup
       Close to barley malt, brown rice syrup is relatively unrefined in       production. It is simply made by taking the whole sprouted barley       or the enzymes from sprouted barley and adding it to cooked brown       rice.
Brown Sugar
       Brown sugar is a combination of molasses and regular white sugar.       It is sold as two varieties: light brown or dark brown sugar. The       difference is in the amount and type of molasses used to obtain       the color and flavor.
Coconut Palm Sugar - See Palm Sugar
Confectioner's Sugar or 10X or 6X
       Confectioner's sugar is generally used in the bakery or       confections industry. 10X sugar is made by pulverizing white       sugar. Cornstarch is then added to prevent the formation of lumps.
Corn Sugar
       See High Fructose Corn Syrup.
Corn Syrup
       Corn syrup is a highly-refined and quick absorbed light colored       syrup which is derived from corn. It is commonly sold under the       Karo syrup label. Corn syrup is also known as high fructose corn       syrup(HFCS). It is widely used in the manufacturing industry       because of its ability of being intensely sweet but still       inexpensive. Many individuals with autistic, hyperactivity or ADHD       disorders are recommended to shy away from this sweetener.       Consistent use seems to make these conditions more prevalent.
New on the horizon as of the year 2010, the National Corn Refiner's Assn. has requested permission of the FDA in the United States to change the name of HFCS to corn sugar. Start watching labels for these two words and know corn sugar is the same as HFCS.
Cyclamate
       Cyclamates are an artificial sweetener used in some parts of the       world. This product was banned in the United States in 1969 by the       Food and Drug Administration. It's brand name was Sucaryl when it       was sold in this country. Sucaryl was noted for having a very       unplesant aftertaste but it was not as bad as the intensity of       Acesulfame K or Saccharin. It is the least expensive of all       artificial sweeteners whether it is in liquid or tablet form.
Date Sugar
       Date sugar is simply ground up dehydrated dates. The taste and       appearance is similar to regular sugar but it is not as sweet.       This form of sugar is most often used in baked goods as a direct       replacement for sugar.
Demerara Sugar
       Demerara sugar is pressed sugar cane, steamed to a thick liquid       form and then dried to coarse crystals. It retains the pale golden       color of raw sugar cane after processing. Demerara therefore has       large amber crystals with a crunchy texture. It is commonly used       for cakes, cookies and cereals. It also makes an ideal topping for       baked goods because of its sparkling texture. This is a pure form       of natural sugar.
Dextrose
       Dextrose,or corn sugar, is a form of glucose which is obtained       from cornstarch. It is a common ingredient used in the manufacture       of food products.
Erythritol
       Erythritol is a natural sugar alcohol which originates from fruits       and foods fermented with yeast. It has 60-70% of the sweetening       power as regular sugar. Its best attributes though in the       manufacturing industry is it is almost totally non-caloric, does       not effect the blood sugar levels, does not cause tooth decay and       can be completely absorbed by the system so it does not cause the       gastric side effects so common with most sugar alcohols.
On the negative side, unfortunately erythritol has the tendency to dry out any product it is used in after production. Therefore another sugar alcohol is commonly used in conjuction with it to negate this "drying out" effect. It is then this second substance that will generally cause the laxative distress so common in sugar alcohols until your body can adjust to it.
Evaporated Cane Juice
       Evaporated cane juice is also commonly referred to as unrefined       sugar or milled cane sugar. It is made as the same process as       demerara sugar by extracting the juice from sugar cane, then       evaporating the liquid until it dries or crystallizes. This also       is a pure form of natural sugar.
Fructose
       Fructose, also known as fruit sugar, is primarily found in fruits,       corn or honey. It breaks down more slowly in the system than       regular sucrose (table sugar) because it does not need insulin. It       is digested by an enzyme in the bowel instead. Fructose has the       same appearance as table sugar but does have almost double the       sweetening power.It is often suggested by many doctor's and       dietitians for use by diabetics because of its low glycemic       number.
It is commonly stated also, fructose is derived from the natural sugars of many fruits and vegetables. Although this is true, the sweetening power of the fruit itself is more advantageous to the diabetic because whole fruits, vegetables and corn has additional fiber which aids the body in the control of blood sugars. Once the fructose is extracted and used as a food source, your body loses this capability of acquiring that additional source of fiber, thus losing this additional benefit as a means of blood sugar control.
Further and more extensive research though is determining fructose is not as suitable for diabetics as other more natural products are that are on the market. Therefore, until new research has come up with a more definitive answer, stay clear of this one until further notice.
Fruit Juice Concentrates
     
Fruit juice concentrates almost always refers to grape juice when used in commercial food processing. Because it is from a high fructose concentration it is generally perceived as an acceptable choice for diabetics with moderate to low consumption.
Fruit-Sweetness
       This new up and coming all natural made from fruit (the monk fruit       plant) zero calorie sweetener is just hitting the market for use       in the manufacturing and retail trade sales.
With ratios of being up to 300 times sweeter than natural sugar, a little of this goes a long way. It also has the advantage, unlike many other reduced calorie sweeteners, it does not have the bitter aftertaste, just the pleasant clean fresh scent of fruit.
Glucose
       Glucose is a simple sugar which is manufactured in the human body       from the carbohydrates in the foods we eat. Glucose is the main       source of energy used in our bodies. After digestion, glucose is       formed and controlled by the hormone insulin. This is the process       which affects the condition diabetes. All cells in our body burn       glucose for their source of energy.
Glucose is usually extracted though from corn syrup so it is rapidly absorbed into the blood stream causing sharp spikes in the blood sugar levels.
Glycerine
       The three terms glycerin, glycerine, glycerol are commonly used       interchangeably in writing. Each refers to the substance used       commonly in cosmetics, toiletries, personal care items, drugs and       food products. Glycerine is a clear, sweet-tasting liquid with no       known contraindications in commercial use. It has many varied       applications at manufacturing level depending upon the outcome       needed. Some common uses are as a humectant, emollient, thickener,       sweetener plus other varies uses.
High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS)
       HFCS is a highly processed man-made made product from (normally)       genetically modified corn here in the United States. It has proven       in many test studies and research groups to be highly toxic to the         human body, especially the liver by adding an increase in       fatty deposits around the liver. Unfortunately,it also happens to       be the sweetener of choice in the manufacturing industry because       of its immediate availability and its low cost.
Because of adverse public pressure and word of mouth advertising, many people are no longer purchasing products made with HFCS. A movement is therefore underway for the item to be re-named "corn sugar".
Honey
       Honey is one of the least refined sources of sweeteners on today's       market, unfortunately higher in fructose though also. It is       relatively low on the glycemic scale but care and caution must be       taken not to ingest too much if you are a diabetic. Depending on       the variety, the darker the honey, the higher the antioxidant       count thus it is better for your health.
Honey has well documented characteristics as an antiseptic, antibiotic and for use in reducing stomach acidity. It is often recommended for lessening the symptoms of food allergies.
Although pure raw honey is full of nutrients and digestive enzymes, heating honey to 117 degrees or over causes it to lose some of its enzymes. Therefore there is a reduction in its health benefits.
Invert Sugar
       Invert sugar is created by combining a sugar syrup with an acid       compound (lemon juice or cream of tartar). This breaks down the       simple sugar(sucrose) into its two component parts, glucose and       fructose. This results in a finer, smoother sugar product which is       generally used in the confectionery industry.
Isomalt
       Isomalt is a sugar alcohol used as a sugar substitute in several       countries around the world. With over-consumption, isomalt will       cause extreme gastric distress because the human body recognizes       its chemical breakdown as a dietary fiber, not a simple sugar.       With regular consumption though, our bodies do build up a       tolerance level which will eliminate the symptoms of the gastric       distress.
Lactose (Milk Sugar)
       Lactose is a naturally occurring milk sugar which is found in       dairy products. Many adults are known as lactose intolerant, which       means their digestive system is unable to process and breakdown       the proteins in many dairy products. Mistakenly, people often       believe they have an allergy to milk but this is a separate       condition.
Common symptoms of intestinal cramps, constipation or diarrhea, gas and bloating can be eliminated by supplying your body with an enzyme known as lactase, sold in many drug stores. Otherwise, trying milk substitutes such as soy, rice or nut milks should alleviate your symptoms of milk intolerance.
Maltitol
       Maltitol is another member of the sugar alcohols or polyols       family. It has the great distinction of having a taste and flavor       very much like simple sugars. Maltitol is significantly reduced in       calories and does not promote tooth decay. Normally you will find       its use in the confectionery industry as a sweetener for hard       candies, chewing gums, chocolates and sugarfree foods.       Occasionally, during manufacturing it will be used to replace       needed fats as it does give the texture of a smooth, creamy       mouth-feel on the final product.
Maltitol is slowly absorbed into the system thus allowing a reduced insulin and blood glucose response. It also has the advantage of being used for weight control because its caloric value is almost half of regular sugar.
Maple Sugar
       After the sap is tapped from a sugar maple tree and boiled, the       first result is maple syrup or maple taffy. With continuous       boiling this syrup is then reduced (all of the water gets removed)       until all is left is a solid sugar. This sugar is usually pressed       then into solid blocks or else made into maple sugar candy.
Maple sugar is about twice as sweet as regular sugar so it can be used as a replacement with less product needed to obtain similar results.
Maple Syrup
       As stated above, the only processing done is boiling the fresh sap       from the maple tree until it reaches the correct consistency.
Although a form of sugar, its intense sweetness allows the diabetic to use smaller quantities to receive the desired result. It's list of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties also tend to make it a favorite with many doctors who say their patients rely on some type of sweetener for their meals.
Closely check the labels though and verify you are only getting REAL maple syrup, not a combination of other sugars with maple flavoring. For freshness purposes, keep real maple syrup in a sealed container in the refrigerator to prevent the product from fermenting.
Molasses
       Molasses is a dark thick syrup which has a strong bittersweet       flavor made from either sugar beets or sugar cane. Depending upon       the method of processing, multiple types can be obtained.       Blackstrap molasses is considered to be the best and highest in       significant amounts of calcium, iron, magnesium and potassium.       Unfortunately though, it will create havoc with blood sugars.
Sorghum molasses is from the sorghum plant, considered a cereal grain. It has a lighter, less intense flavor than blackstrap.
Naturalose
       Naturalose (Nutrilatose) or commonly called tagatose by its       chemical name is a relatively new addition to the sweetener       market, gaining momentum predominantly in the European countries       and spreading to the USA, Canada and Africa.
Naturalose is often used in dairy products because part of its chemical make-up includes the whey protein extracted from milk. It has been registered at 92% of the sweetening power of sugar but only has 1/3 of the calories.
Neotame
       Neotame, as an artificial sweetener is not commonly used in the       United States yet because FDA approval was just obtained within       the last few years. Neotame is a highly concentrated form of       sweetener, being 7,000 to 13,000 times sweeter than regular sugar       or even high fructose corn syrup.
Because of its extremely high sweetening properties, it is still used very little during the manufacturing process. This is changing more and more though all the time as companies are finding out the advantages of using less product to sweeten more. (Be careful though, it has been approved for use in animal feed which is being raised for human consumption) When used, this results in much fewer calories and very little effect on blood sugar levels.
Two of the current questionable additives to neotame happen to be the addition of phenylalanine (which can be fatal to anyone with Phenylketonuria) and the compound 3-dimethylbutyl which is a substance on the Environmental Protection Agency's hazardous chemical list.
Non-Nutritive Sweeteners
       Non-nutritive sweeteners is an all-encompassing term which       includes such sweeteners as aspartame(Nutrasweet,Equal),       acesulfame potassium (Sunett, Sweet One), saccharin (Sweet 'N Low       or Sweet 10), sucralose (Splenda), and packaged stevia (Sweetleaf,       Truevia, Purevia)
All of these deliver an intense sweetening power greater than regular table sugar without as many calories. Many of these though have been under constant scrutiny because of proven and alleged health risks. To date, stevia seems to be the only one coming out with a more consistent safety record than the rest of this list.
Organic Zero
       Organic Zero is the first natural organic sugar cane juice,       fermented and then crystallized to create organic erythritol. It       is almost completely calorie-free, has a glycemic index value of       0, does not promote tooth decay, GMO free and digests quickly and       easily with no side effects. It is a free-flowing sugar       replacement safe for all diabetics, weight control, seniors, kids       and vegetarians.
Palm Sugar
       Palm sugar (or coconut palm sugar) is a product from the flowers       high on a coconut tree. These flowers are collected, harvested and       air-dried to a golden crystalline form. Advantages of palm sugar       include:
- it is high in vitamins and minerals plus phytonutrients such as iron, zinc, potassium and the B vitamin series of B1, B2, B3 and B6
- it cooks, bakes and melts like real sugar
- has a distinctive flavor and aroma of caramel in its natural state
- there is absolutely no refining or processing in this product. It is all 100% natural directly off the tree.
- low glycemic (35) indicating anyone trying to control their blood sugars will avoid the spikes that is common with regular sugar
Raw Sugar
       Raw sugar is the component first produced when making regular       white sugar. Raw sugar is still in its initial brownish-tan color.       This product is banned for use in the United States as it has not       gone through the processing stage yet of removing the bacteria,       mold, insects and plant parts obtained while in the fields.
Refined sugar or table sugar, often has been denounced for its injurious nature on the human health. After refining, all of the salts, fibers, proteins, vitamins and minerals have been removed. The only thing left is a starch compound which can not be fully metabolized by the human body. The toxins left, over time will accumulate in storage areas of the body like the belly, hips, back of arms, legs and thighs. Once these are full, the active organs will start to become storage ground like the kidneys, liver and the heart. This is what ultimately leads to abnormal blood pressure, circulatory problems, hormonal imbalances plus more.
The daily recommended amount for any person should never exceed 25% of your daily calories or under 125 grams of carbohydrates per day. This tight control is necessary because sugar itself contains no vitamins, minerals or fiber which aids in good health.
Rice Syrup
       Rice syrup is made by combining digestive enzymes and cultured       rice which allows the breakdown of starches into glucose so your       body can assimilate it for use. It is often used by the       wheat/gluten/dairy allergic as a substitute. It has a very high       glycemic number though on the charts.
Saccharin -       marketed as Sweet 'N Low and Sugar Twin
       Saccharin is also a zero calorie artificial sweetener which has       been derived from a derivative of petroleum and toluene (solvent       used in automobile engines), but when it is used in high       concentrations, a bitter metallic aftertaste is reported. The main       uses of this is to sweeten cold or hot drinks, candy, medicines       and toothpastes.
Splenda (sucralose), is actually made from regular sugar but although it tastes like sugar, it does not promote tooth decay nor raise blood sugars. A molecule has been changed in production and chlorine added to facilitate these changes in conditions. Testing has yielded no adverse side effects by a large percentage of researchers and then a group just as large has stated the molecular change and the addition of chlorine must be considered a deterrent to human health. Many doctors therefore recommend to use this only in small amounts.
Sorbitol
       Sorbitol is also a polyol, or better known as a sugar alcohol,       which occurs naturally in many fruits and vegetables. There is       also a method used extensively in manufacturing to commercially       produce sorbitol by the hydrogenation of glucose from the corn       plant. This process results in both a liquid and crystalline form.
Other than using it as a sweetener in many products such as, candies, chewing gum, frozen desserts, plus others, it is also used extensively as a humectant. This refers to its capabilities of preventing loss of moisture (or "drying out"). This can often be seen in baked goods, toothpaste and mouthwash, cookies or cakes.
Sorbitol is also slowly aborbed in the body so it does delay the spike in blood sugars and helps prevent the insulin response to a sugar overload. But as with most sugar alcohols, slowly let your body adjust to the change to prevent any gastric upset.
Sorghum syrup is made by boiling the sorghum cane juice obtained from the sorghum plant stems. This sweetener is very high in B vitamins and minerals like calcium and iron. It has a taste very close to molasses.
Starch Hydrolysate or Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysate
       Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate or HSH is a bulk sweetener which       is used predominantly at the manufacturing level especially in a       sugarfree line of goods. HSH is originally a product from corn,       wheat or potato starch. It is generally used in conjunction with       the non-nutritive sweeteners (acesulfame-K, aspartame, neotame,       saccharin, and sucralose). HSH has the unique ability to mask or       alleviate the bitterness or aftertaste present in many       non-nutritive sweeteners.
Stevia
       Stevia is a natural sweetener extracted from a herb (stevua       rebaudiana). Due to its status as a non-chemical,       non-pharmaceutical product in the United States, much backlash has       been projected in this country against FDA approval. The FDA       actually has little to no control over plants and herbs in this       country.
Stevia happens to be a very sweet herb. It is approximately 200-300 times sweeter than table sugar with a slight licorice flavor. It is almost virtually calorie free, does not promote tooth decay, will not trigger a spike in blood sugar levels and it does not feed on yeast or other micro-organisms thus resulting in a decline of their growth in your system. It also has the advantage it can be used in both hot and cold food production. Due to its recent acceptance at the government level in the United States, manufacturers are starting to take notice and switch their formulations as Stevia is much more cost effective to use.
Stevia comes in multiple formulations, powder, liquid, granules, sprays etc., but the most popular seems to be the following: Dissolve 1 tsp. Stevia powder into 3 Tbls. of filtered water. One tsp. then of this liquid equals approximately 1 cup of sugar.
Many people though suggest all new users should use the liquid form until you adjust to the increased sweetness because people always tend to use too much.
Just remember, most people who state they do not like the flavor of Stevia are unknowingly using too much of this sweetener. Stevia is 300 times sweeter than regular sugar. Very little therefore goes a long way. Too much leaves a very bitter aftertaste.
Some quick and easy ways to fit it into your daily diet include a glass of water with a squirt of lemon juice plus a small amount of stevia for some refreshing lemonade. Or use it to sweeten a fresh blended smoothie for breakfast or snack.
Many people also add sugar to tomato-based products so spaghetti sauce, chili, meat loaf, or baked beans. Add it anywhere you would your regular sugar.
- 1/3 to 1/2 tsp white extract powder----------1 cup sugar
- 1 tsp Stevia clear liquid----------------------1 cup sugar
- 1 T. whole leaf dark liquid concentrate--------1 cup sugar
- 1 1/2 to 2 T. Honey Leaf powder-------------1 cup sugar
- 1 1/2 to 2 T Stevia Plus powder--------------1 cup sugar
- 18-24 Stevia Plus packets--------------------1 cup sugar
- 2 tsp. whole leaf dark liquid concentrate----1 c. brown sugar
Another novel way to use this sweetener is to grow your own plant and use the leaves as a kitchen herb in cooking and to sweeten beverages.
Sucanat
       Sucanat is a dehydrated cane juice (instead of evaporation) which       is produced from a pure cane juice stream after processing into a       liquid. Because there is less processing, there is a higher       percentage of the original minerals still available in this end       product. Substitute equal quantities of regular sugar and Sucanat       in recipes.
Sucanat is a blend of 13% molasses and 87% sugar after the dehydrating process is over. It is therefore finally marketed as dry, free-flowing granules.
Sucralose -       marketed as Splenda
       Sucralose is a chemical transition of regular sugar by adding       three atoms of chlorine which results in a sweetener that is 600       times sweeter than regular sugar. Chlorine is considered safe as       an additive as many of the foods we ingest everyday have chlorine       naturally occurring in them. The final resulting sweetener has       almost no calories, yet is still much sweeter than sugar. This       sweetener has been determined to be safe for children, pregnant or       breast-feeding women and diabetics. Sucralose can be used in       cooking and baking with no loss of sweetening power, will not       further tooth decay nor raise blood sugar or insulin levels.
The only adverse publicity currently surrounding this product line though the incapability of the human body to break down and metabolize this sweetener, therefore passing through the body and ending up in every wastewater treatment system in the country/world. Unable to be processed there also, the world's waterways are rapidly filling up with this end product. Scientists are therefore worried about the effects this substance can have on present and future water supplies.
Sucrose
       This is the most widely known form of sugar. It is a white       crystalline granule with a noticeable sweet taste. Some common       names are cane sugar, beet sugar or maple sugar depending where it       was sourced from. Sucrose is the result of one molecule of glucose       and one of fructose combined.
Sugar Alcohol
       Do not form the misconception that a sugar alcohol has anything to       do with sugar or alcohol. All sugar alcohols are obtained from       either fruits, trees or other plants.
Sugar alcohols, or also known as polyols or nutritive sweeteners, have about half the calories of regular sugar. This is one of the reasons they are in great demand from the food service industry. They are generally all slowly digestible (which reduces the blood sugar spikes and prevents the rush of insulin levels), helps to deter tooth decay, and not all of the sugar alcohol gets absorbed by the bloodstream. Much of it will bypass the blood, arrive in the small intestine and then pass onto the large intestine still undigested. This is the reason over-consumption will cause gastric distress. Bacteria in the large intestine will cause fermentation resulting in the accompanying stomach cramps, diarrhea and abdominal gas. Maintaining a safe and acceptable level until your body adjusts will prevent the laxative effects.
The following group is all sugar alcohols:
- Sorbitol
- Lactitol
- Xylitol
- Mannitol
- Maltitol
- Erythritol
- Dulcitol
- Starch Hydrolysates
- Isomalt
When you are on a diet plan where you try to control your carbohydrates, it is mandatory you understand how to adjust the carbohydrate counts from the ingredient label to get a true representation of how much you are ingesting. This process is very quick and easy:
There is two numbers on the nutrition label you need to be concerned with. The first line is the total carbohydrates per serving. The second line is the total of sugar alcohols per serving. Take the sugar alcohol number and divide it by 2. Take your answer and subtract from the total carbs. Your answer reveals the total carbs in that product for your logging purposes. An example is your candy bar reads 15g carbohydrates. It says 6g sugar alcohols. Divide the 6 (sugar alcohol) by 2 which equals 3. Subtract 3 from 15=12. Therefore this candy bar has 12g of sugar.
Be aware though, all dogs should never be offered any product containing Xylitol, one of the most popular sugar alcohols. A dog's metabolism can not break down and utilize this substance therefore causing extreme changes in their blood sugars. Ultimately it can lead to their death.
Tagatose
       See Naturalose above
Truvia
       Truvia originates from the leaf of the stevia plant. After harvest       and the drying process, truvia is then steeped in purified water.       The result will be a zero calorie natural sweetener with no known       side effects. Truvia does have twice the concentration of natural       sugar so every measurement must be cut in half.
Turbinado Sugar
       After the initial stage of producing raw sugar, turbinado sugar       takes the processing step one further by removing the impurities       such as mold, bacteria and insect parts. This golden brown form of       sugar is then marketed as turbinado sugar.
Unrefined Dark Soft Brown Sugar or Dark Muscovado
       This sugar is the deepest and darkest brown sugar marketed in the       United States. Manufacturers will use it because they will no       longer have to rely on dyes or caramel coloring or flavorings in a       product. This dark brown sugar has a high molasses content making       it perfect for use in cakes, cookies and BBQ sauces.
Unrefined Light Soft Brown Sugar or Light Muscovado
       This type of brown sugar has a natural molasses content which       gives it its light brown color. Baked goods and baking mixes often       use this or it can be substituted anywhere refined brown sugar is       currently used.
White Sugar
       White sugar is known by many names to all kinds of people.       Sucrose, cane sugar, beet sugar, grape sugar, table sugar,       granulated sugar or refined sugar. All of these signify the same       bowl of sugar we have had in the sugar bowl since birth. This type       of sugar is always refined from either sugar beets or sugar cane.       After final processing a fine white granulated substance is the       final result. For additional information, see Sucrose.
Xylitol or Xylosweet
       A naturally occurring sweetener which is extracted from birchwood       chips. Even our own bodies do manufacture a small portion of it       daily. This is a low calorie sweetener which again has the       properties of a sugar alcohol. Low calorie, no tooth decay, weight       loss is possible, low insulin and blood glucose responses. Xylitol       has the same sweetness as sugar so measurements can be used on a       1:1 ratio in baking. Often though in baking, your final product       will not have quite the height as with sugar so to compensate, add       an additional teaspoon of baking powder to help.
Xylitol is also rapidly getting the approval of many doctors and clinics for use for the diabetic patient. Unlike other low calorie sweeteners which are man-made, although they are low-calorie, they are not necessarily low glycemic. Naturally occurring xylitol is both because there is no additives during food production.
Many low calorie artificial sweeteners, although low calorie for table-top use, these items must be re-formulated with maltodextrin or other fillers for use in baking and other high heat applications. With this addition of fillers, man-made sweeteners lose their capability of being tagged low glycemic.
A guide to natural and artificial sweeteners is always       going to be changing because of the new product additions to the       market. Check back here as needed because the additions will be       made as available.
       
       Return           to "How To Read An Ingredient Label" or "Sugar           Free Candy" from "A Guide To Natural and Artificial           Sweeteners".
     
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